S32205 Duplex 2205 ibyuma bya chimique bitagira umwanda Ingaruka yuburebure bwa capillary kubiranga firigo yangiza ibidukikije R152a muri firigo zo murugo

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Ibisobanuro - Duplex 2205

• ASTM: A790, A815, A182
• ASME: SA790, SA815, SA182

Ibigize imiti - Duplex 2205

Porogaramu isanzwe - Duplex 2205

Bimwe mubikorwa bisanzwe bya duplex ibyuma 2205 byerekanwe hano hepfo:

• Guhindura ubushyuhe, imiyoboro n'umuyoboro wo gukora no gukoresha gaze na peteroli
• Guhindura ubushyuhe hamwe nu miyoboro mu bimera byangiza
• Imiyoboro y'ingutu, imiyoboro, ibigega hamwe noguhindura ubushyuhe bwo gutunganya no gutwara imiti itandukanye
• Imiyoboro yingutu, tank hamwe nu miyoboro munganda zitunganya chloride
• Rotor, abafana, shafts hamwe na kanda aho imbaraga zishobora gukoreshwa imbaraga zumunaniro mwinshi
• Ibigega by'imizigo, imiyoboro hamwe no gusudira ibikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya shimi

Ibintu bifatika

Ibintu bifatika byo mu cyiciro cya 2205 ibyuma bitagira umwanda biri hano hepfo.

Sisitemu yo gushyushya no gukonjesha murugo ikoresha ibikoresho bya capillary.Gukoresha spiral capillaries bivanaho gukenera ibikoresho bya firigo byoroheje muri sisitemu.Umuvuduko wa capillary ahanini ushingiye kumiterere ya capillary geometrie, nkuburebure, diameter ugereranije nintera hagati yabyo.Iyi ngingo yibanze ku ngaruka z'uburebure bwa capillary kumikorere ya sisitemu.Capillaries eshatu z'uburebure butandukanye zakoreshejwe mubushakashatsi.Amakuru ya R152a yasuzumwe mubihe bitandukanye kugirango asuzume ingaruka z'uburebure butandukanye.Ubushobozi ntarengwa bugerwaho ku bushyuhe bwa -12 ° C hamwe na capillary ya metero 3.65.Ibisubizo byerekana ko imikorere ya sisitemu yiyongera hamwe no kongera uburebure bwa capillary kugera kuri m 3,65 ugereranije na m 3,35 na 3.96 m.Kubwibyo, iyo uburebure bwa capillary bwiyongereye kubwinshi, imikorere ya sisitemu iriyongera.Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byagereranijwe nibisubizo byo kubara amazi ya dinamike (CFD).
Firigo nigikoresho cyo gukonjesha kirimo icyumba cyiziritse, kandi sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni sisitemu itanga ingaruka zo gukonjesha mu cyumba cyitaruye.Ubukonje busobanurwa nkinzira yo gukuraho ubushyuhe mu mwanya umwe cyangwa ibintu no kwimurira ubwo bushyuhe ahandi hantu cyangwa ibintu.Firigo zikoreshwa cyane mukubika ibiryo byangirika kubushyuhe bwibidukikije, kwangirika gukura kwa bagiteri nibindi bikorwa biratinda cyane muri firigo ikonje.Firigo ikora amazi akoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gushyushya cyangwa firigo mugikorwa cya firigo.Firigo ikusanya ubushyuhe mu guhumeka ubushyuhe buke n’umuvuduko hanyuma igahunika ku bushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko, ikarekura ubushyuhe.Icyumba gisa nkaho gikonje mugihe ubushyuhe buva muri firigo.Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha kibera muri sisitemu igizwe na compressor, condenser, capillary tubes hamwe na moteri.Firigo ni ibikoresho bya firigo bikoreshwa muri ubu bushakashatsi.Firigo zikoreshwa cyane kwisi yose, kandi ibi bikoresho byahindutse urugo.Firigo zigezweho zirakora cyane mubikorwa, ariko ubushakashatsi bwo kunoza sisitemu buracyakomeza.Ingaruka nyamukuru ya R134a nuko itazwi ko ari uburozi ariko ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwa Global Warming Potential (GWP).R134a ya firigo zo murugo zashyizwe muri protocole ya Kyoto y’amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’imihindagurikire y’ibihe1,2.Ariko rero, ikoreshwa rya R134a rigomba kugabanuka cyane3.Duhereye ku bidukikije, imari n’ubuzima, ni ngombwa kubona firigo nkeya ku isi.Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko R152a ari firigo yangiza ibidukikije.Mohanraj et al.5 yakoze iperereza ku buryo bushoboka bwo gukoresha firigo ya R152a na hydrocarubone muri firigo zo murugo.Hydrocarbone byagaragaye ko idakora nka firigo yonyine.R152a ikoresha ingufu kandi zangiza ibidukikije kuruta firigo.Bolaji n'abandi6.Imikorere ya firigo eshatu zangiza ibidukikije HFC yagereranijwe muri firigo yo guhumeka.Bashoje bavuga ko R152a ishobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu yo guhunika imyuka kandi ishobora gusimbuza R134a.R32 ifite ibibi nka voltage nyinshi hamwe na coefficient de coiffure (COP).Bolaji n'abandi.7 bapimishije R152a na R32 nkibisimbuza R134a muri firigo zo murugo.Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana, impuzandengo ya R152a iri hejuru ya 4,7% ugereranije n’iya 134a.Cabello n'abandi.yapimwe R152a na R134a mubikoresho bya firigo hamwe na compressor hermetic.8. Bolaji et al9 yapimishije firigo ya R152a muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha.Bashoje bavuga ko R152a ari yo yakoresheje ingufu nyinshi, ifite 10,6% nkeya yo gukonjesha kuri toni ugereranije na R134a yabanjirije.R152a yerekana imbaraga zo gukonjesha hejuru kandi neza.Chavkhan n'abandi.10 basesenguye ibiranga R134a na R152a.Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na firigo ebyiri, R152a yasanze aribwo bukoresha ingufu nyinshi.R152a ni 3.769% ikora neza kurusha R134a kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkumusimbura utaziguye.Bolaji et al.11 bakoze ubushakashatsi kuri firigo zitandukanye-GWP nkabasimbuye R134a muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha kubera ubushobozi buke bw’ubushyuhe ku isi.Muri firigo zasuzumwe, R152a ifite ingufu nyinshi, igabanya amashanyarazi kuri toni ya firigo ku kigero cya 30.5% ugereranije na R134a.Nk’uko abanditsi babitangaza, R161 igomba guhindurwa rwose mbere yuko ikoreshwa nk'umusimbura.Imirimo itandukanye yubushakashatsi yakozwe nabashakashatsi benshi bakonjesha murugo kugirango bongere imikorere ya sisitemu ya firigo nkeya-GWP na R134a nkumusimbura uza muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 19, 20, 21. ibizamini bitandukanye byo guhumeka.Sisitemu.Tiwari n'abandi.36 yakoresheje ubushakashatsi hamwe nisesengura rya CFD kugirango ugereranye imikorere yigituba cya capillary hamwe na firigo zitandukanye na diameter.Koresha ANSYS CFX software kugirango ubisesengure.Igishushanyo cyiza cya spiral coil kirasabwa.Punia et al.16 yakoze ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z'uburebure bwa capillary, diameter na coil diametre ku bwinshi bwa firigo ya LPG binyuze muri coil spiral.Ukurikije ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, guhindura uburebure bwa capillary mu ntera kuva kuri 4.5 kugeza kuri 2,5 m bituma kongera umuvuduko mwinshi ku kigereranyo cya 25%.Söylemez n'abandi.16 bakoze isesengura rya CFD ryububiko bwa firigo yo murugo (DR) bakoresheje moderi eshatu zitandukanye zumuvurungano (viscous) kugirango bamenye ubushishozi bwumuvuduko ukonje wibice bishya hamwe no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mukirere no mubice mugihe cyo gupakira.Iteganyagihe rya moderi ya CFD yateye imbere irerekana neza imigendekere yumwuka nubushyuhe bwimbere muri FFC.
Iyi ngingo iraganira ku byavuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe kugira ngo hamenyekane imikorere ya firigo zo mu rugo ukoresheje firigo ya R152a, itangiza ibidukikije kandi ikaba idafite ibyago byo gutakaza ozone (ODP).
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, hatoranijwe m 3,35 m, 3,65 m na 3,96 m capillaries.Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe hamwe na firigo ya R152a yubushyuhe buke ku isi kandi ibipimo byabazwe.Imyitwarire ya firigo muri capillary nayo yasesenguwe hakoreshejwe software ya CFD.Ibisubizo bya CFD byagereranijwe nibisubizo byubushakashatsi.
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1, urashobora kubona ifoto ya firigo ya litiro 185 ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi.Igizwe na moteri, compressor ya hermetic isubiranamo hamwe na kanseri ikonjesha ikirere.Ibipimo bine byumuvuduko byashyizwe kumurongo wa compressor, inlet ya kondenseri hamwe na moteri.Kugirango wirinde kunyeganyega mugihe cyo kwipimisha, metero zashyizweho.Kugirango usome ubushyuhe bwa thermocouple, insinga zose za thermocouple zahujwe na scaneri ya thermocouple.Ibikoresho icumi byo gupima ubushyuhe byashyizwe kumurongo winjizwamo umwuka, gusohora compressor, gusohora compressor, icyumba cya firigo na inlet, icyuma cya kondenseri, icyuma gikonjesha hamwe n’ahantu hasohoka.Umuvuduko nogukoresha ubu nabyo biravugwa.Imashini ihuza igice cyumuyoboro yashyizwe ku kibaho.Amajwi abikwa buri masegonda 10 ukoresheje igice cyimashini ya muntu (HMI).Ikirahure cyo kureba gikoreshwa mugusuzuma uburinganire bwimigezi.
Ameteri ya Selec MFM384 ifite voltage yinjiza 100-500 V yakoreshejwe mukugereranya ingufu ningufu.Sisitemu ya serivise ya serivise yashyizwe hejuru ya compressor yo kwishyuza no kwishyuza firigo.Intambwe yambere nugukuraho ubuhehere muri sisitemu binyuze ku cyambu cya serivisi.Kugira ngo ukureho umwanda uwo ari wo wose muri sisitemu, shyiramo azote.Sisitemu yishyurwa ikoresheje pompe vacuum, yimura igice kumuvuduko wa -30 mmHg.Imbonerahamwe 1 irerekana ibiranga ibizamini bya firigo yo murugo, naho Imbonerahamwe 2 irerekana indangagaciro zapimwe, kimwe nubunini bwazo.
Ibiranga firigo zikoreshwa muri firigo zo murugo hamwe na firigo bigaragara mumbonerahamwe 3.
Ikizamini cyakozwe ukurikije ibyifuzo bya ASHRAE Handbook 2010 mu bihe bikurikira:
Mubyongeyeho, mugihe gusa, hakozwe igenzura kugirango harebwe umusaruro wibisubizo.Igihe cyose ibikorwa bikomeje kuba bihamye, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, umuvuduko wa firigo hamwe ningufu zikoreshwa byandikwa.Ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ingufu, imbaraga nigitemba bipimwa kugirango umenye imikorere ya sisitemu.Shakisha ingaruka zo gukonjesha no gukora neza kumasoko yihariye n'imbaraga kubushyuhe runaka.
Ukoresheje CFD mu gusesengura ibyiciro bibiri muri firigo yo mu rugo ya firigo, ingaruka z'uburebure bwa capillary zirashobora kubarwa byoroshye.Isesengura rya CFD ryorohereza gukurikirana urujya n'uruza rw'amazi.Firigo inyura imbere muri coil spiral yasesenguwe hakoreshejwe gahunda ya CFD FLUENT.Imbonerahamwe 4 irerekana ibipimo bya capillary.
Porogaramu ya FLUENT mesh simulator izatanga imiterere yuburyo bwa mesh (mashusho 2, 3 na 4 yerekana verisiyo ya ANSYS Fluent).Ingano y'amazi ya pipe ikoreshwa mugukora imipaka mesh.Iyi ni gride ikoreshwa murubu bushakashatsi.
Moderi ya CFD yatejwe imbere ikoresheje ANSYS FLUENT platform.Gusa isanzure yimuka isanzure iragaragazwa, bityo imigendekere ya buri nzoka ya capillary inzoka igereranwa ukurikije diameter ya capillary.
Moderi ya GEOMETRY yatumijwe muri gahunda ya ANSYS MESH.ANSYS yandika code aho ANSYS ari ihuriro ryikitegererezo kandi wongeyeho imipaka.Ku mutini.4 yerekana umuyoboro-3 (3962.4 mm) muri ANSYS FLUENT.Ibintu bya Tetrahedral bitanga uburinganire buhanitse, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5. Nyuma yo gukora meshi nyamukuru, dosiye ibikwa nka mesh.Uruhande rwa coil rwitwa inlet, mugihe uruhande rutandukanye rusohoka.Aya masura azengurutswe nkinkuta zumuyoboro.Itangazamakuru ryamazi rikoreshwa mukubaka moderi.
Hatitawe ku kuntu uyikoresha yumva igitutu, igisubizo cyaratoranijwe kandi amahitamo ya 3D yaratoranijwe.Amashanyarazi yo gukora amashanyarazi yarakozwe.
Iyo imigezi ifatwa nkakajagari, iba itari umurongo.Kubwibyo, K-epsilon itemba yaratoranijwe.
Niba umukoresha-yerekanwe ubundi buryo bwatoranijwe, ibidukikije bizaba: Dondora ibintu bya termodinamike ya firigo ya R152a.Imiterere yibiranga ibikwa nkibikoresho byububiko.
Imiterere yikirere ntigihinduka.Umuvuduko winjira wagenwe, hasobanuwe umuvuduko wa bar 12,5 nubushyuhe bwa 45 ° C.
Hanyuma, kuri itera ya cumi na gatanu, igisubizo kirageragezwa kandi gihurira kuri itera ya cumi na gatanu, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 7.
Nuburyo bwo gushushanya no gusesengura ibisubizo.Tegura igitutu nubushyuhe bwamakuru ukoresheje Monitor.Nyuma yibyo, igitutu cyose nubushyuhe hamwe nibipimo byubushyuhe rusange byagenwe.Aya makuru yerekana igitutu cyagabanutse hejuru ya coil (1, 2 na 3) mubishushanyo 1 na 2. 7, 8 na 9.Ibisubizo byakuwe muri gahunda yo guhunga.
Ku mutini.10 yerekana ihinduka ryimikorere kuburebure butandukanye bwo guhumeka na capillary.Nkuko bigaragara, imikorere iriyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwuka.Ingaruka zo hejuru kandi zo hasi zabonetse mugihe zigeze kuri capillary zingana na m 3,65 m na 3,96 m.Niba uburebure bwa capillary bwiyongereye ku mubare runaka, imikorere izagabanuka.
Guhindura mubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bitewe nurwego rutandukanye rwubushyuhe bwubushyuhe hamwe nuburebure bwa capillary bwerekanwe mumitini.11. Ingaruka ya capillary itera kugabanuka mubushobozi bwo gukonja.Ubushobozi buke bwo gukonjesha bugerwaho ahantu hatetse -16 ° C.Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukonjesha bugaragara muri capillaries zifite uburebure bwa metero 3,65 nubushyuhe bwa -12 ° C.
Ku mutini.12 yerekana imbaraga za compressor imbaraga z'uburebure bwa capillary n'ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka.Mubyongeyeho, igishushanyo cyerekana ko imbaraga zigabanuka hamwe no kongera uburebure bwa capillary no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwuka.Ku bushyuhe bugenda bwa -16 ° C, imbaraga zo gukanda zo hasi ziboneka hamwe na capillary uburebure bwa m 3.96.
Amakuru yubushakashatsi yariho yakoreshejwe mugusuzuma ibisubizo bya CFD.Muri iki kizamini, ibipimo byinjira byakoreshejwe mukugereranya bigeragezwa bikoreshwa muburyo bwa CFD.Ibisubizo byabonetse bigereranwa nagaciro kumuvuduko uhagaze.Ibisubizo byabonetse byerekana ko umuvuduko uhagaze mugusohoka muri capillary ari munsi yubwinjiriro bwigituba.Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byerekana ko kongera uburebure bwa capillary kumupaka runaka bigabanya umuvuduko ukabije.Byongeye kandi, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko uhagaze hagati yo kwinjira no gusohoka kwa capillary byongera imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha.Ibisubizo bya CFD byabonetse bihuye neza nibisubizo byubushakashatsi bihari.Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bigaragara mu gishushanyo cya 1 n'icya 2. 13, 14, 15 na 16. Capillaries eshatu z'uburebure bwakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi.Uburebure bwa tube ni 3.35m, 3.65m na 3.96m.Byagaragaye ko igabanuka ryumuvuduko uhagaze hagati ya capillary inlet na outlet yiyongereye mugihe uburebure bwumuyoboro bwahinduwe bugera kuri 3.35m.Menya kandi ko umuvuduko wo gusohoka muri capillary wiyongera hamwe nubunini bwa 3.35 m.
Byongeye kandi, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko hagati yinjira no gusohoka kwa capillary bigabanuka uko ingano y'umuyoboro yiyongera kuva kuri 3.35 ikagera kuri m 3.65.Byagaragaye ko igitutu cyo gusohoka kwa capillary cyagabanutse cyane ku isoko.Kubwiyi mpamvu, imikorere yiyongera hamwe nuburebure bwa capillary.Mubyongeyeho, kongera uburebure bwa pipe kuva kuri 3.65 kugeza kuri 3,96 m byongeye kugabanya umuvuduko.Byaragaragaye ko kuri ubu burebure igitutu kigabanuka munsi yurwego rwiza.Ibi bigabanya COP ya firigo.Kubwibyo, umuvuduko uhagaze werekana ko capillary ya 3,65 itanga imikorere myiza muri firigo.Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera kugabanuka k'umuvuduko byongera ingufu zikoreshwa.
Uhereye kubyavuye mu bushakashatsi, birashobora kugaragara ko ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa firigo R152a bugabanuka hamwe no kongera uburebure bwumuyoboro.Igiceri cya mbere gifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha cyane (-12 ° C) naho igiceri cya gatatu gifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukonjesha (-16 ° C).Ubushobozi ntarengwa bugerwaho ku bushyuhe bwa -12 ° C hamwe na capillary ya metero 3.65.Imbaraga zo guhunika zigabanuka hamwe no kongera uburebure bwa capillary.Imbaraga za compressor yinjiza ni ntarengwa ku bushyuhe bwa -12 ° C na byibuze kuri -16 ° C.Gereranya CFD nibisohoka byumuvuduko wo gusoma kuburebure bwa capillary.Birashobora kugaragara ko ibintu bimeze kimwe muribi bihe byombi.Ibisubizo byerekana ko imikorere ya sisitemu yiyongera uko uburebure bwa capillary bwiyongera kugera kuri m 3,65 ugereranije na 3.35 m na 3.96 m.Kubwibyo, iyo uburebure bwa capillary bwiyongereye kubwinshi, imikorere ya sisitemu iriyongera.
Nubwo ikoreshwa rya CFD munganda zumuriro ninganda zamashanyarazi bizadufasha kurushaho gusobanukirwa nimbaraga na fiziki yibikorwa byo gusesengura amashyuza, imbogamizi zisaba iterambere ryihuse, ryoroshye, kandi ridahenze rya CFD.Ibi bizadufasha guhitamo no gushushanya ibikoresho bihari.Iterambere muri software ya CFD rizemerera gukora igishushanyo mbonera no gukora neza, kandi gushiraho CFDs kuri enterineti bizongera kuboneka kwikoranabuhanga.Iterambere ryose rizafasha CFD guhinduka umurima ukuze nigikoresho gikomeye cyubwubatsi.Rero, ikoreshwa rya CFD mubushakashatsi bwubushyuhe rizaba ryagutse kandi byihuse mugihe kizaza.
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